Knowing all the different cognitive biases and dangers of emotional decision-making can make us more aware of whether we are thinking logically and making the right decisions.

But it can hard to be on 100% alert all the time, especially on stressful days.

So, what are some of the simple habits we can cultivate to eliminate or reduce the risks of cognitive biases?

  • Stay mentally neutral, even if you have open positions.
    Ask yourself, “if you did not have any positions at the moment, would you still choose to take the same position which you are currently holding?” 
    If you are unsure, you can always close the position and enter it again later.
  • Have confidence in yourself and in your trading system.
    Every system will definitely have losing days, so if the losses are within the expected range, do not panic and discard or trading system too quickly.
    If your system works, it should recoup those losses and more on the winning days.
  • Always use a stoploss.
    This helps to eliminate many of the negative impacts of cognitive biases, such as loss aversion bias, endowment bias, regret aversion bias, anchoring bias, optimism bias, cognitive dissonance bias, etc.
    Once you are stopped out of a position, you immediately become neutral, and can choose to take a position in either direction.
  • Make sure you have sufficient data for your evaluation and testing.
    If you are doing backtesting for your strategy, make sure you test it over a sufficiently long period of time and under different market conditions.
    If you are evaluating your results and performance, make sure you have at least 100-200 trades before drawing any conclusions.
    This will help you eliminate the representativeness bias.
  • Keep good trading results and also a trading journal.
    This will allow you to compare your decision-making process with the outcome of your decisions, and help you eliminate the confirmation bias, optimism bias, hindsight bias, overconfidence bias, optimism bias, and self-attribution bias.

 

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If you would like to learn more about trading psychology, also check out: “The Complete Guide to Investing & Trading Psychology”

To help traders and investors overcome the problem of emotions in decision-making, the first step is to be aware of the situations in which we might exercise flawed thinking, in the form of cognitive biases.

Cognitive biases are systematic errors in thinking that affect the decisions and judgments that people make, so they might think they are making logical and rational decisions, but in reality they are not, because the thinking/deduction process is flawed.

Once you are aware of these biases in your decision-making, it would be easier to find ways to avoid or overcome them.

 

behavioral biases

 

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If you would like to learn more about trading psychology, also check out: “The Complete Guide to Investing & Trading Psychology”

In classical finance, traders and investors should always make rational decisions to maximise their self-interests, but in practice, quite often they end up making decisions that are not always rational, due to the influence of emotions and cognitive biases.

There is a whole (relatively new field) of finance called behavioral finance, which seeks to understand why this happens.

Behavioral finance is the branch of finance that combines classical finance (rational decision-making) with the psychological/behavioral aspect of market participants.

In layman terms, classical finance tells us what people should do, whereas behavioral finance tells us what people actually do.

The main reason for this difference is that classical finance assumes that humans are rational decision-making robots, but in reality humans are subject to emotions, flawed thinking, cognitive biases, etc.

If you have tried trading in the markets, or even played a game of chance like poker, you will know how hard it is to make rational decisions once money is at stake, and greed and fear starts to cloud your judgement.

 

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If you would like to learn more about trading psychology, also check out: “The Complete Guide to Investing & Trading Psychology”

Achieving Long Term Consistency in Trading

In the game of trading and investing, the goal is not to make once-off huge bets and have large swings in your portfolio based on your luck.

The ultimate goal is to achieve consistent returns over the long-run.

And to achieve this consistency, traders will not only need to have a good trading plan, but will also need to master the psychological and mental aspect to be able to execute the plan flawlessly over and over again.

Your mind is your greatest asset, and also your greatest enemy.

Hence, you can think of consistency as a state of mind, where despite the outcome of any trade (win or lose), and despite your current mental state, you can continue to perform and execute your plan in a consistent manner.

Consistency = Repeatability
Repeatability = Scalability
Scalability = $$$

If you want to make it big, and trade a large trading account, you first need to master trading a small account.

If you can consistently trade a small account, it means you can repeat the results and performance onto a larger account.

So this will allow you to scale up, and trade a larger account.

If you try to scale up without consistency, then you will see large swings in the capital of your trading account, and it is only a matter of time before you blow the account.

So how can one master trading psychology and achieve the ideal mental state?

 

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If you would like to learn more about trading psychology, also check out: “The Complete Guide to Investing & Trading Psychology”

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Many people have been asking me about my trading journey, of how I basically started from almost nothing, and steadily built my way to financial freedom.

It has taken me quite a while to document my whole journey, but I know it’s worth the effort if it can inspire others to do the same.

Well, here goes!

 

Broke College Student

When I first started my trading journey, I did not come from a well-to-do family, and I had to work several part-time jobs to pay my way through college.

I knew that if i wanted to succeed, I had to work hard, study hard, and learn the correct financial skills which would help me transform my life.

At first, I thought the most direct way would be to get a formal degree, because that would get me a high-paying job in the bank. So I worked my ass off to get into the best high school, and then to one of the best business universities in Singapore.

Basically, I was a straight-A student for every single subject, and I scored in the top 2-4% for my SAT scores. And on the side, I also became a nationally-ranked (7th) chess player.

My Trading Journeystudent score report

 

In college, I pursued double degrees in Accounting (B.Acc) and Business Finance (B.BM), to equip myself with the foundational and research skills to understand the markets.

management university

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Heck, I even got onto the Dean’s list and won some awards.

smu

smu 2

But I soon realised that even though bankers are paid pretty decent, you kinda have to sell your soul to the job, and you won’t get any chance to enjoy that money. This is pretty much the same for any corporate job.

Determined not to get stuck in the rat race, I decided that instead of working for the bank, I would tackle the financial markets myself.

 

Learning from Books

So I read hundreds of books on trading and investing, spent over 10,000 hours studying the markets and looking at charts, while backtesting almost every strategy, indicator and system I could get my hands on. My research was thorough and almost obsessive.

Learning from Books

Snapshot of my Goodreads account where I record all my readings. https://www.goodreads.com/iamrecneps

 

Getting Certified

I even became a globally accredited Certified Financial Technician (CFTe), which would normally require months/years of study just to pass the tests.Getting CertifiedI was also offered a scholarship by the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) Institute, but after clearing level 1 of the exams, I decided not to continue, as I was very close to completing my ultimate trading system.cfa

These scores are considered top percentile scores for the CFA exams.

 

Creating My Trading System

And finally…

After countless hours of studying, trading, testing, and tweaking, I finally completed my “15-Minute System”, which was special to me because it had a couple of very unique features:

  • It only requires 15 minutes a day to trade – allowing me to utilise my spare pockets of free time throughout the day.
  • It can work on any market, including stocks, forex, futures, commodities, crypto, etc.
  • I only need a mobile phone to receive the signals and execute the trades – allowing me to trade anytime and anywhere!
  • I do not need to spend any time monitoring the market – no wasting of time and totally stress-free.
  • It is based on predictive price action and behavioral analysis, instead of lagging indicators.
  • It works by capturing medium-term movements by using my 4 proprietary price action strategies.
  • Short-term movements are dominated by computer algorithms, while long-term movements are dominated by fund managers, so the medium-term movements are perfect for retail traders.
  • It is easy to use and apply – even a complete beginner will be able to use it.

Creating My Trading System

 

The next few years were unbelievable.

 

Trading & Travelling the World

Armed with my mobile phone and an internet connection, I realised I could crank out profits 24/7, wherever and whenever I wanted.

Hence, I decided to fulfill my long-time dream of travelling around the world. And travel I did.

I travelled to 70+ countries and hundreds of cities across 6 continents, at the same time still spending 15 minutes a day “working” and “trading for a living”.

I also compiled all my travel photos and adventures into this travel log here, so feel free to check it out if you are looking for travel ideas.

Trading & Travelling the World Trading & Travelling the World 2 travels europe Trading & Travelling the World 4 Trading & Travelling the World 5 Trading & Travelling the World 6

 

Building Passive Income

At the same time, I started funneling my trading profits into other long-term investments, to build up my portfolio of multiple sources of passive income.

I invested my monthly cashflow of profits into a mix of fixed income, ETFs, tech stocks, REITs, properties, cryptocurrencies, etc. I also started actively buying and selling many local start-ups and businesses, including a cafe, a pub, and many promising tech startups.

I also started investing in properties, including a multi-million dollar penthouse which I use to host events. For my 30th birthday, I hosted a private party on a luxury yacht for my close friends and family.

Building Passive Income

Building Passive Income 2

Now, don’t get me wrong. I’m not here to brag. I’m just showing you what is possible if you are willing to put in the hard work.

Having come from a humble background and working my ass off to earn every penny, I have no intention of squandering my hard-earned trading profits just to show off.

I spend my money on practical investments, or splurge occasionally on experiences (to share the joy with my friends and family), but I have no interest in wasting my money on flashy cars or branded goods.

In fact, I do not even own a car or any luxury watches or clothes or accessories. I am happy travelling the world in just my jeans and sneakers.

Building Passive Income 3

 

Media Interviews & Events

But soon, the media outlets started picking up on my financial success.

The requests for interviews started pouring in, but due to my travelling schedule, I only had time to do about 20 media features.

You can check out the full list of media interviews and events which I have compiled.

Media Interviews & Events

Media Interviews & Events 2Media Interviews & Events 3

 

“Spencer has developed his own way of reading charts to understand markets” – The Business Times

“To date, the company [Synapse Trading] has provided financial education to over a million people worldwide through its articles, videos and seminars.” – ABC News, CBS News, NBC, FOX News

 

I even did a rare home interview with Societe General Bank, giving my market forecast and some trading tips.

Media Interviews & Events 4

 

Guest Speaker & Trainings

Verified by media features and interviews, I started getting headhunted by many professional funds and financial institutions (such as the Singapore Stock Exchange) to share my strategies, trade for them, and to provide training for their staff.

Guest Speaker & Trainings

Guest Speaker & Trainings 2

Guest Speaker & Trainings 3

Guest Speaker & Trainings 4

I tried being a “professional trader” for 1-2 years, and it was very profitable, but in the end I preferred the freedom of trading my own accounts, and not being desk-bound in an office.

But I found that I really enjoyed the training part, and I thought it would be very beneficial to retail traders and investors if I could share with them the same level of training which was given to funds and financial institutions.

Hence I embarked on my global speaking tour, doing workshops, seminars and full-weekend trainings to share my strategies to thousands of people worldwide, while at the same time trying to fit as many guest speaking invitations I could into my travelling schedule.

For such events, I used to charge up to 5-6 figures for my trainings or speaking engagements, and the events were always packed to the brim. Some events even had crowds of up to thousands of live audiences.

Guest Speaker & Trainings 5

Guest Speaker & Trainings 6

Sharing the Stage with Famous Speakers

On many of my speaking tours, I got to share the stage with many other famous speakers, some of whom you might find familiar:

  • Chris Gardner – The guy who went from broke and living in the streets to a multi-millionaire stock broker, and was the inspiration behind the movie “The Pursuit of Happyness”
  • Jim Rogers – Co-founder of the Quantum Fund and Soros Fund Management
  • Jay Abraham – One of the top 5 Executive Business Consultants in the World (Forbes 2000)
  • Brian Tracy – Legendary speaker and trainer, and author of over 70 books
  • Mike Bellafiore –  Proprietary Trading Fund Manager

 

Sharing the Stage with Famous Speakers Sharing the Stage with Famous Speakers 2 Sharing the Stage with Famous Speakers 3

 

In 2015, I was also selected to speak at the National Achiever’s Congress, the largest of such events in Singapore, with a live audience of more than 2,500 people. It was a wildly awesome experience with such a success-hungry and energetic crowd.

 

My New Mission

Fast forward to today, after several years of teaching and training, and countless batches of success stories and grateful students, I have decided to take a break and “retire temporarily” from guest speaking and events.

But my mission to reach out to help more people on a global scale has not changed.

By taking a step back to consolidate all my teachings, I have now made them available worldwide to anyone who is willing to invest the time and effort to learn this valuable lifelong skill.

I have compiled all that I know into comprehensive free guides and training programs to make it access to anyone who wants to make the effort to learn this valuable skill.

Which means that no matter where you are living, you can now have full access to all my trainings and benefit from my full trading system which I used to build all my wealth and success.

The only question is…

Are you ready to embark on your own journey?

 

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If you are excited to get more life hacks, also check out: “Beyond Financial Freedom: An Unofficial Guide to Living Your Best Life”