If you want to make money by timing the stock market you need to follow the trends.

Buying and selling creates its own momentum and a market that’s moving up or down is likely to keep moving in that direction for a certain period of time.

What this means is that you should avoid trading against the current trend.

For example, when the market is bearish and heading down, don’t try to predict which stocks have hit bottom, that would be like trying to catch a falling knife.

Instead, find an objective way to both identify the current trend and decipher when that trend has changed too, because just like the saying goes, “the trend is your friend, except at the end”.

So, let’s explore two simple techniques for identifying market trends.

The most common ways to look at the nature of a trend’s movement. As a stock moves up or down, it rarely does so in a straight line, rather it zigzags forming a series of highs and lows.

If the highs keep getting higher and the lows keep getting higher that stock is in an uptrend. If the highs get lower and the lows get lower, you’re looking at a downtrend. And if the highs and lows are consistent over a certain period, it’s in a sideways trend.

Another way to identify the market trend is to look beyond the daily price fluctuations and determine the general direction of a stock.

You do this by calculating an average. For example, a 20-day simple moving average or an SMA, is an average of the past 20 days of closing prices, which moves or updates on a daily basis by incorporating the latest prices.

If the SMA is sloping upwards, that’s an uptrend; sloping down downtrend and sideways, means flat.

A 20-day SMA gives a good picture of the short-term trend but you can also use other periods like the 50-day SMA and the 200-day SMA for the long-term trend. Those aren’t the only moving averages, however, there’s the exponential moving average or EMA, and the weighted moving average or WMA, which gives more weight to recent prices.

As a trader, you can use any of these techniques individually, but for the most accurate picture of market trends, you should use them all.

Because when it comes to behavioral analysis, the best way to increase your chances of success, is to consider as much data as possible.

So that’s market timing! Next, let’s cover support and resistance zones.

We’ve seen how the markets move in cycles but what are the factors that govern those movements? It’s many things but they can be grouped into two main categories: fundamental factors like monetary, policy, balance of trade and unemployment, and behavioral forces like how people respond to these policies. These two factors are always playing off each other in a series of actions and reactions like a cause and effect loop.

Now, as an investor, the key is to focus on the sequence of events in the business cycle and identify clues to determine what’s coming next. In general, the market goes through two phases: expansion which is generally good and contraction which is generally bad.

During the early stages of expansion, the recovery is driven primarily by fundamental factors as economies expand, and trade and employment picks up. Central banks usually tighten their policies to keep inflation down which is good for stocks and bonds, but not so good for commodities. These fundamentals lead to a rise in stock prices which only encourage more people to jump into the market. It’s good at first but as this greed and exuberance spreads, stock prices eventually outpace their actual value.

This leads to inflation, which is marked by an increase in commodity prices to counteract these behavioral forces. Central banks usually step in and increase interest rates, which help curb the money supply and decrease inflation. This action signals that the expansion is ending and stocks will soon be on the decline, but it also means that commodity related products will be going up. If you’re aware of these signals, you’ll know that this is a good time to switch from stocks to commodities.

Then during the recession that follows, behavioral forces will become stronger than ever, as more people realize that the stock market is declining. Fear and panic will spread, forcing even more to sell off their shares during these periods savvy investors will reduce their stock portfolios and wait for the market to turn around which they will because eventually central banks will step in and cut interest rates to increase the money supply. These fundamental drivers will lead to a rise in stock prices making it the perfect time to jump back in the market and that starts the cycle all over again.

Now as an investor, it’s important to recognize these signals and never lose sight of the bigger picture. It’s like Warren Buffett once said, be fearful when others are greedy and greedy when others are fearful. So, keep an eye on the fundamental and behavioral factors that move the market and always stay one step ahead of the game.